This article is part of a series of explainers on vaccine development and distribution. Learn more about vaccines – from how they work and how they’re made to ensuring safety and equitable access – in WHO’s Vaccines Explained series.
Vaccinations play a vital role in protecting health at every stage of life—from infancy through adulthood and into old age. Fostering a positive vaccination experience early in a child’s life can help build lasting confidence in the health decisions they make later in life.
Children are naturally curious, so taking the time to prepare them – and yourself – before vaccination can make a big difference. When children understand what is happening, they are more likely to feel at ease.
Follow these five practical tips to help make vaccination a comfortable and positive experience for both you and your child.
1. Inform
Talk with your child about their upcoming vaccination in a calm, reassuring way. Share as much as you feel they can understand in age-appropriate language. Take time beforehand to learn about which vaccines your child needs, how vaccines work, and why they’re safe.
Let your child know that the vaccine helps keep their body strong and prevents them from getting sick. Explain where the injection will be given and be honest that they might feel a quick pinch.
Allow your child to also share their own questions or concerns, and acknowledge their feelings. Keeping your tone positive and confident can help your child feel more secure. If you do not know the answer, ask your healthcare provider.
2. Hold close
Help your child feel safe and supported by choosing a comfortable, close position during vaccination. Holding your baby or young child in your lap with a gentle embrace can be very calming. If your baby breastfeeds, consider feeding during vaccination to help them relax.
For young children, having them sit on your lap facing you, chest to chest, while you embrace them can provide reassurance. Older children and adolescents may prefer you sitting beside them. Encourage them to sit upright, keep their arm relaxed, and take deep breaths. Your calm presence can make a big difference in how they experience the moment.
3. Distract
During vaccination, guide your child’s attention to something more pleasant or enjoyable. Bringing a favourite toy, book or blanket can provide a sense of familiarity and security. You can also sing together, listen to music, tell a story, or watch a video.
If your child wants to watch what’s happening, that’s okay too. Following their preference can help build trust and give them a greater sense of control.
4. Comfort
After vaccination, take the time to comfort your child. A warm smile, gentle eye contact, and simple praise—like telling them they were brave—can make them feel proud and reassured.
Infants may prefer to be held close or swaddled, while older children might want a hug. If your child cries, stay calm, offer comfort, and let them know they’re safe.
You can also talk briefly about the experience, giving your child space to share how they felt. This will help build confidence in future health experiences.
5. Pay attention
Keep an eye on your child for a few days after vaccination. It’s helpful to let your child know that a sore arm or a mild fever can happen. These are normal signs that their body is building protection, and they usually go away on their own within a few days.
If anything concerns you or doesn’t seem right, don’t hesitate to talk to your healthcare provider.
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